A tube furnace is a cylindrical heating chamber used for high-temperature processes such as annealing, sintering, and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). It consists of a quartz or ceramic tube that encloses a heating element, allowing for controlled heating up to very high temperatures, often exceeding 1000°C. Tube furnaces are essential in materials research, semiconductor manufacturing, and nanotechnology for their ability to provide uniform heating and controlled atmospheres during thermal treatments of samples.